Difference between Top-down, Bottom up and Interactive Reading Approach.
Bottom-Up Models Top-Down Models Interactive Models 1960s - 1970s 1970s - 1980s late 1980s - present - Reading is a decoding process (focus on the text ). - The phonics approach to teaching reading is used. Reading is a psycholinguistic guessing game (focus on the reader ). - The " whole language " approach to teaching reading is used. Reading is a process of constructing meaning from text through the use of both bottom-up and top-down processes , strategies, and skills (focus on the interaction ). - The balanced approach to teaching reading is used. 1) alphabet letters + sounds g words 2) words + grammar rules g sentences 3) sentences + discourse rules g paragraphs g longer discourses 1) The r...